As summer kicks into high gear, increased outdoor activities bring greater sun exposure, more contact with pool and sea water, and increased use of sunscreens. According to Oculoplasty specialist Dr.Carlos Fernández-Vega at the Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, these factors, combined with poor eye hygiene, can lead to the development of styes.

Dr. Fernández-Vega explains, “Orsuelos occur when the sebaceous glands of the eyelid are inflamed, generating a reddish and painful bulge that can be located on the internal or external edge of the eyelid. In summer this condition is more frequent due to the increase in sweating, contact with perhaps contaminated waters and prolonged use of cosmetics or water resistant solar filters. If proper cleaning of the eye zone is not maintained, the glands can be clogged and giving rise to these injuries.”

This inflammation, which affects two million Spaniards, doesn’t have one definitive cause. However, several factors can contribute, including exposure to certain environments, chemical or cosmetic products, immunomodulatory treatments, specific diets or eating habits, skin type, microbial flora, poor hygiene, humidity, and even stress.

Styes can manifest either externally, affecting the hair follicle of the eyelashes, or internally, resulting from inflammation of a sebaceous gland.

“If an orzuelo appears, the first thing is to apply local heat through warm compresses and perform a gentle massage in the area to favor the drainage of the gland. If there is pain,an analgesic can be taken. It is indeed significant to go to the ophthalmologist if the Orzuelo persists more than ten days, if it increases in size or pain, if accompanied by fever or if it is repeated frequently,” Dr.Fernández-Vega advises.

To prevent styes, the expert emphasizes the importance of good daily eyelid hygiene. He recommends cleaning the area with physiological serum, cotton discs, or sterile gauze, and using specific soaps or shampoos that won’t irritate the eyes.

He also notes that disinfectant ophthalmological wipes containing ingredients like hyaluronic acid, tea tree, or chamomile extracts can be useful as part of a regular cleaning routine.

Dr. Fernández-Vega also suggests using artificial tears to keep the eye surface hydrated, especially in dry or air-conditioned environments, and to reduce the presence of allergens or particles.He further recommends protecting the eyes with appropriate eyewear at beaches and swimming pools.

Protecting the eyes is “key” against the “harmful” effects of the sun. Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation can cause eye damage. Children, the elderly, individuals with pre-existing eye conditions, and those who have recently undergone eye surgery are especially vulnerable, as their eyes can be up to 75 percent more sensitive to solar radiation.

Therefore, in addition to wearing approved sunglasses with UV filters, Dr. Fernández-Vega urges people to wear wide-brimmed caps or hats for additional shade and protection.

“Orsuelos occur when the sebaceous glands of the eyelid are inflamed, generating a reddish and painful bulge.” – Dr. Carlos Fernández-Vega