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A recent study showed that GLP-1 medications, such as Ozempic and Wijovi, may be associated with an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency in users, especially after a year of use. The results showed that about 14% of people experienced vitamin D deficiency after taking these medications for a year, which is the most common nutritional deficiency associated with GLP-1 use, followed by iron deficiency and B complex vitamins.
Are users of GLP-1 medications at risk of vitamin D deficiency?
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The study confirmed that these medications may reduce appetite and change intestinal absorption, which may contribute to low levels of some vitamins and minerals. However, the study is observational and does not prove that GLP-1 is the direct cause of the deficiency, but it does indicate a possible association that needs further research.
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Expert recommendations
GLP-1 receptor agonists are very effective, but their use is best accompanied by nutritional evaluation and advice from a health care provider.
– Nutritional monitoring should be part of routine clinical care for patients receiving GLP-1 therapies, especially during sustained weight loss.
The link between obesity surgery and vitamin D deficiency
Studies show that obesity surgery reduces stomach size or limits absorption of nutrients in the intestine, increasing the risk of vitamin deficiency.
Between 10% and 73% of people may develop vitamin D deficiency after bariatric surgery.
Any effective means of reducing food intake – whether GLP-1 medications or bariatric surgery – may cause vitamin and mineral deficiencies due to reduced food intake.
Obesity itself is a risk factor
The majority of patients suffer from vitamin D deficiency due to the binding of this fat-soluble vitamin to adipose tissue, in addition to lack of exposure to sunlight due to movement restrictions or muscle and joint problems.
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Do GLP-1 users need vitamin D supplements?
Most adults need 600–800 IU of vitamin D per day, and some users may need higher doses depending on blood levels of the vitamin.
Experts have warned against taking supplements in high doses without medical advice, as this may lead to vitamin D toxicity and a dangerous rise in calcium levels, especially in patients with renal failure.
Studies have confirmed that GLP-1 users should consult a healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dose of vitamin D, especially for those who lose weight quickly or have an increased risk of osteoporosis.
The main result of the study indicates that nutritional monitoring and periodic examination of vitamin D levels may be necessary for users of GLP-1 medications, in order to ensure adequate intake of nutrients and maintain healthy bones and vital body functions.
