Zombie Spiders Found in Irish Caves Infected by Deadly Fungus

In a startling revelation, spiders infected by a parasitic fungus, turning them into so-called “zombie spiders,” have been unearthed in the caves of Ireland. This discovery, part of a study led by Dr. Harry Evans of CAB International, sheds light on the peculiar workings of nature.

The Fungus That Controls Spiders

The fungus responsible for this phenomenon is named Gibellula attenboroughii, a nod to the esteemed broadcaster and natural historian Sir David Attenborough. It was first observed during the filming of BBC Winterwatch in Northern Ireland in 2021.

Discovery of Zombie Spiders

The unusual find began with the discovery of an orb-weaving cave spider, Metellina merianae, infected with the fungus on the ceiling of a gunpowder store at Castle Espie in Co Down. Subsequent investigations revealed similar occurrences in caves located between Cavan and Fermanagh.

What made this discovery particularly intriguing was the unusual behavior of the infected spiders. Normally, reclusive by nature, these spiders were observed positioned on the cave’s ceilings and walls instead of their usual dens.

The Impact of Fungus on Spider Behavior

Research has shown that Gibellula attenboroughii affects the spiders’ dopamine pathways, causing a change in their behavior. Rather than returning to their hiding spots, the zombies wander the cave and eventually succumb to their condition, often in places where other insects might pass.

This behavior is consistent with the phenomenon of “zombie-ant fungi,” where fungus-infected ants are compelled to behave in ways that aid the fungus’s reproduction.

Zombie Fungi in Popular Culture

The concept of zombie fungi has captured the imagination of the public, inspiring books, video games, and television series such as The Last of Us. However, it’s important to note that these fictional depictions involve human zombies infected by fungi, whereas Gibellula attenboroughii targets only insects.

Science has shown that while the idea of a fungal infection causing zombification may seem like science fiction, it is a real and fascinating aspect of nature.