Romania‘s Fragile Democracy: Populism, Distrust, and the Shadow of the Past

Romania finds itself at a critical juncture, grappling with deep-seated issues of inequality, political distrust, and the rise of populist figures. As the nation prepares for a new presidential election, the echoes of its tumultuous past resonate, raising concerns about the future of its democratic institutions.

The Disillusionment of the People

More than three decades after the revolution that ousted Nicolae Ceausescu,many Romanians feel that little has changed. A sense of stagnation and frustration permeates society, fueled by low wages, inadequate public services, and a perception of widespread corruption.

Iliescu, Constantinescu, again Iliescu, Basescu, then Johannis. And what exactly? Nothing has changed. Nothing for 35 years. Payment and pensions are too low. Food and fuel are too expensive. Somthing has to be given.

Constantine, a retired security guard

This sentiment is especially strong in rural areas, where economic hardship and a lack of prospect have left many feeling abandoned by the state. According to recent statistics, nearly one-third of Romania’s 19 million people are at risk of poverty and social exclusion, highlighting the urgent need for systemic change.

The Rise and fall of Kalin George

Amidst this backdrop of discontent, figures like Kalin George have emerged, promising radical solutions and tapping into the frustrations of the electorate. George, an anti-EU, pro-Moscow ultranationalist, gained significant traction by appealing to those who feel left behind by the political establishment.

However,George’s rise was abruptly halted when the presidential election was canceled due to suspected Russian interference,and he became the subject of a criminal investigation. The Supreme Court ultimately upheld a decision barring him from running in the re-vote, a move that has sparked outrage even among those who did not support him.

And now they forbade him to run, so that they can continue to rob us.

Constantine, a retired security guard

Critics like Adina Marincha, a researcher at the Institute of Eli Viesel, view George as a risky figure, pointing to his embrace of fascist leaders and his use of “dog whistles” to appeal to the radical right.

Georgescu may have a ‘aura of legitimacy’, but ther is no doubt that he is a ‘very dangerous figure.’

The Appeal of Populism

Despite the controversies surrounding George, his message resonated with many Romanians who saw him as a potential savior. His promises of tax relief, job creation, and a return of the diaspora appealed to those who felt ignored and disenfranchised.

Georgescu was interested in this country, not himself. He promised to straighten Romania on his feet, restore what everyone else had broken, would bring home the diaspora. If there is a new revolution, so be it.

Alexandru ionica,a 25-year-old supporter

For some,George represented a chance to reclaim national pride and restore a sense of unity.As one supporter put it, George has shown us how to fight for our country becuase we are all one people. He brought us together all.

Transparency and Trust: The Missing Pieces

A key factor contributing to the rise of populism in Romania is the lack of transparency and dialog from the authorities. The government’s failure to adequately explain its decisions has created a void that is quickly filled with conspiracy theories and distrust.

Our authorities are known for not communicating and explaining their decisions. This leaves a large hole that is immediately filled with conspiracy theories about the deep state and allegations of coup.

Anna Dragomir, Director of Communications of funky Citizens

The cancellation of the first round of the presidential vote and the exclusion of far-right candidates like Diana Shoshoak have further fueled suspicions, with critics arguing that the lack of clear legal criteria creates a dangerous habitat of tension and polarization.

The Road Ahead

With George out of the race, the Romanian far-right parties have struggled to find a replacement candidate. While George Simion is expected to lead in the first round, he is likely to be defeated in the second round by centrist mayor Nikusor Dan.

Irrespective of the outcome, the George campaign has served as a wake-up call, highlighting the deep-seated issues that need to be addressed. As Victoria Stoichi, a senator of the Social Democrats, warns, the current situation is reminiscent of the rise of fascism between the two world wars, with similar perceptions of corrupt elites and widespread discontent.

It really reminds me of the rise of fascism between the two wars. The same perceptions of corrupt elite, the same interruptions.

Victoria Stoichi, a senator of the Social Democrats

To prevent history from repeating itself, Romanian politicians must prioritize transparency, listen to the concerns of the people, and work to improve their lives.As one resident of Paunaglers put it, Romania desperately needs a change, but the only problem is we don’t know what to hope.