A recent resolution mandates the start of a one-year “orderly and safe drawdown and withdrawal of its personnel” by the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (Unifil), in close consultation with the Lebanese Government. This decision sparks questions about the future of peacekeeping and stability in the region.

Established in 1978 by the security Council, Unifil’s original mission was to oversee the withdrawal of Israeli troops from southern Lebanon. Since then, it has played a crucial role in monitoring security. The ‘blue helmets’ are tasked with implementing resolution 1701, which ended hostilities between Israeli forces and Hezbollah militants in 2006.

Since the cessation of fighting last November, Unifil has supported the lebanese army’s (LAF) efforts to establish control in the south. Though, Israel’s continued presence remains a point of contention, violating Lebanese sovereignty.

Continuing Role During Drawdown

The resolution outlines Unifil’s continued responsibilities during the withdrawal period, authorizing the force to provide security and assistance to UN personnel and maintain situational awareness around its outposts and bases.

Unifil will also “contribute to the protection of civilians and the safe civilian-led delivery of humanitarian assistance.”

The Secretary-General is required to present options by 1 June next year for the future implementation of resolution 1701, aiming for a permanent end to fighting between Israel and militants in Lebanon.

During negotiations, the United States acting Permanent Representative stated that it was time for Lebanese forces to assume greater responsibility, without UN peacekeepers.

“Any premature withdrawal could undermine or even weaken the efforts of the Lebanese Government”

Reactions to the Mandate

France, leading negotiations over the mandate, emphasized the vital role of Unifil’s ongoing efforts. Their representative told ambassadors that “Any premature withdrawal could undermine or even weaken the efforts of the Lebanese Government” in the south.