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“The blackout that affected Spain and Portugal on April 28, 2025 was the most serious and unprecedented incident in the European electricity system in more than 20 years.” The conclusion is from the final report of the panel of experts from the European Network of Electricity Transmission Network Managers (ENTSOE) who have been studying the causes of the Iberian blackout for almost a year. In addition to identifying the causes, the document presents recommendations to strengthen the resilience of the European electricity system in the future.
