Space – Astronomers found a giant black hole in the initial universe that devoured the material more than double the theoretical limits. This discovery deepened the mystery of how a number of black holes were born shortly after Big Bang can grow so big and fast.
Using NASA’s Chandra X-ray observatory, astronomers observed ancient black holes called RACS J0320-35. He was born only 920 million years after Big Bang.
In the early days of the cosmic history, the black hole was very large, swelled up to about 1 billion times the mass of the sun in fast time. According to a new analysis of X -rays, infrared, and optical radiation that comes out of the black hole, the supermasif Monster seems to grow faster than the general theory, which is 2.4 times the eddington limit.
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Eddington is the theoretical limit of how fast the black hole can grow, based on the relationship between external radiation pressure and gravitational pull. Scientists have published the research in The Astrophysical Journal Letters On September 8, 2025.
“It is very surprising to see this black hole growing quickly,” said the lead author of the study, Luca Ighina from the center of Harvard’s Astrophysics and Smithsonian.
Black hole that violates this rule is not the first super-eddington object found in the initial universe. However, learning it further can open the secret why they can oppose our cosmological model.
Beyond the limit
Black hole is a cosmic object that is formed from the collapse of giant stars, which effectively creates gravitational collapse holes in space. They grew up by joining other black holes and devouring all the material scattered on the horizon of the event, a point where there was nothing, even light, which could escape.
When the largest black hole pulls the material at him at the speed of approaching the speed of light, they are able to form a very large bright light ring or vomit energy into a giant burst, like a light sword that penetrates the cosmos. The brightest black hole will be called a quasar, and the radius can exceed the entire galaxy.
Therefore, Quasar is an ideal target for astronomers, including RACS J0320-35. The researchers observe the intensity of X-rays from the black hole at different wavelengths, then compare them with infrared and optical data to estimate the mass and growth rate of the object.
They found that the RACS J0320-35 grew by 300 to 3,000 times the mass of the sun every year, exceeding the eddington limit for the black hole the size. How can the black hole beyond that limit stable, still a mystery.
The researchers then made assumptions about how the monster was initially formed. Given its very fast growth, RACS J0320-35 may start from the collapse of a large star with a mass of less than 100 sun.
This finding, along with the findings of other super-eddington black holes at the beginning of the universe, hinted that they were more common in ancient boarding houses. Something that has not been able to be shown by the current model of science.
Further research will help researchers uncover the mystery of the earliest black hole in the universe, which is from where it came from, and how did they grow so fast?
“How does the universe create the first generation of black hole? This remains one of the biggest questions in astrophysics, and one of these objects helps us find the answer,” said colleague of the study writer, Thomas Connor of the Harvard and Smithsonian Astrophysics Center. Source: Live Science
