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UNAIDS estimates that 120 000 children globally acquired HIV in 2024, with the majority of infections occurring due to vertical transmission in southern Africa.1 Pregnant and lactating women have high HIV incidence in southern Africa, including in South Africa and Malawi, with pregnancy and postpartum periods doubling their risk of HIV acquisition and onward vertical transmission.2,3 New pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) methods, including long-acting injectable lenacapavir (LEN), have shown efficacy and safety in registrational clinical trials such as PURPOSE-1 and PURPOSE-2.
