The Promise of Free Hospital Treatment

The concept of providing free hospital treatment to all citizens is gaining traction in Vietnam, championed by figures within the National Assembly. Proponents argue that such a policy would not only ease the financial strain on individuals and families but also contribute to a healthier and more productive workforce. As one representative stated, achieving this would mark one step further to Vietnam, which is healthy and enduring.

Currently, Vietnam operates a universal healthcare system with both public and private providers [3]. While the system aims to provide access to medical services for all, out-of-pocket expenses can still be a significant burden, especially for those with chronic illnesses or requiring specialized care.

Financial Hurdles and Resource Allocation

implementing a free hospital policy presents considerable financial challenges. the cost of treatment varies greatly depending on the illness, with some patients requiring only basic checkups while others face exorbitant bills for serious diseases like cancer.moreover, Vietnam’s aging population and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases are driving up healthcare costs. The submission of advanced medical technologies, while improving treatment outcomes, also contributes to rising expenses.

One of the key challenges is securing sufficient resources to fund the policy while maintaining the quality of care. This includes attracting and retaining skilled medical professionals, investing in modern equipment, and addressing existing disparities in healthcare access across different regions. As noted by a National Assembly representative, To implement a free hospital policy, we need an additional mechanism to secure resources, to maintain excellent manpower, and to invest in modern equipment to improve the quality of treatment.

Building on Existing Foundations

Vietnam has already made significant strides towards universal healthcare, with over 92% of the population covered by national health insurance. The government has also expanded exemptions and reductions in hospital fees for vulnerable groups, such as the poor, underprivileged, children, the elderly, and those with severe diseases.Moreover, large-scale health programs, including vaccination campaigns, are underway to prevent infectious diseases.

These existing initiatives provide a solid foundation for moving towards full exemption from hospital expenses. However, further efforts are needed to strengthen the National Health Insurance Roadmap, expand insurance benefits, and create an environment where everyone can access the treatment they need.

The Role of Primary Care and Preventative Measures

Alongside efforts to make hospital treatment free, there’s a growing recognition of the importance of strengthening primary medical care.Currently, basic medical services in vietnam face numerous challenges, including a lack of equipment and human resources. This often leads patients to seek treatment at higher-level facilities, even for minor ailments, placing a strain on the system and increasing costs.

Investing in primary care can definitely help alleviate this burden by providing accessible and affordable healthcare at the community level. This includes attracting qualified doctors to local health centers and implementing policies that encourage people to seek care early on. As one delegate emphasized, If the primary medical system is not properly constructed, it does not meet the demand, and if patients need to find a higher medical institution for treatment, the economic pressure that must be moved to a distant place even if the hospital cost is free is still high.

Furthermore, promoting healthy lifestyles and investing in preventative medicine can reduce the overall burden of disease and lower healthcare costs. This includes public awareness campaigns,vaccination programs,and initiatives to encourage healthy eating and exercise.

Public vs. Private Healthcare

Vietnam’s healthcare landscape includes both public and private providers [3]. While the government focuses on expanding access to public healthcare, the role of private facilities is also being considered. Some argue that preferential policies should be implemented to support private medical facilities, especially those offering high-quality services. These facilities can help alleviate the burden on public hospitals and cater to individuals who are willing to pay for enhanced services.

as of 2025, medical care is predominantly practiced in government-run hospitals [1]. Foreigners have the option of using private hospitals with English or French-speaking staff at a higher cost, or utilizing public hospitals with the assistance of a Vietnamese interpreter [1].

Looking Ahead: A Roadmap to 2045

Vietnam’s Ministry of Health has enterprising plans for the future of healthcare, aiming for universal free healthcare with full insurance and digital health records by 2045 [2].As a first step, the government plans to offer free annual health check-ups to all citizens starting in 2026, at an estimated cost of 25 trillion VND (approximately 1 billion USD) per year [2].

Achieving universal free hospitalization will require a clear roadmap, ample financial resources, and consensus between the central government and various departments. It also necessitates a commitment to improving medical facilities,fostering scientific and technological advancements,and prioritizing the health and well-being of all citizens.