European nations are increasingly tapping into Morocco and Egypt’s renewable energy sources to meet their green energy goals, but a new Greenpeace report suggests this approach comes at a heavy price. The environmental and social costs inflicted on North African countries are substantial, raising questions about the true sustainability of these international energy partnerships.

North Africa’s Renewable Energy Potential

Both Morocco and Egypt are strategically positioned to capitalize on their solar and wind power potentials. They aim to use their geographic advantages south of the Mediterranean to become key players in Europe’s quest to diversify and decarbonize its energy mix.

Greenwashing or Responsible Investment?

Greenpeace’s research indicates that European-backed projects focused on renewable energy exports are actually hindering North Africa’s ability to power its own sustainable development. These projects sometimes displace local communities and consume vast amounts of freshwater, exacerbating water scarcity issues in already vulnerable regions.

The Paradox of Exporting Clean Energy

Paradoxically, while Egypt and Morocco boost their renewable exports to Europe, they remain major importers of fossil fuels to fuel their local economies. This dual reliance undermines the intended environmental benefits and perpetuates their dependency on dirty energy.

Impact of European Investment in Conflict

Post-war between Ukraine and Russia, European companies invested heavily in Egypt’s gas sector, seeking alternatives to Russian oil and natural gas supplies. However, overdrilling has led to soil erosion and water contamination, harming the local environment without significantly benefiting Egyptians.

Egypt’s Shift to Domestic Fossil Fuels

To free up more natural gas for export, Egypt is increasingly resorting to environmentally harmful fuels such as mazut, which contains toxic substances like sulphides and heavy metals. This shift prioritizes European energy needs over Egyptian domestic sustainability.

Diverse Perspectives on Investment

While Greenpeace highlights the negative impacts, other studies like the Atlantic Council suggest that international investment is essential for Egypt to build its renewable infrastructure and transition to clean energy. They propose that strategic investments and partnerships could transform Egypt into a global clean energy hub.

Morocco’s Green Energy Initiatives

In Morocco, TotalEnergies has committed $10.6 billion to develop a green hydrogen and ammonia plant in Guelmim-Oued Noun, scheduled to produce electricity starting in 2027. Germany has also pledged up to €300 million for similar projects, all aimed at meeting Europe’s renewable energy demands.

Global North’s Responsibility

Greenpeace argues that the global north must prioritize reducing its own energy consumption and investing in domestic renewable capacity. Shifting the socio-environmental costs to the global south undermines equity and sustainability, indicating a need for fundamental shifts in global financial architecture.

Call to Action

This complex issue calls for informed debate and policy changes that promote true sustainability for all involved. As we move forward, it’s crucial to foster partnerships that prioritize mutual benefits and environmental responsibility.

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