The U.S. FDA Bans Red 3: What You Need to Know About Artificial Dyes
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently made a significant move by banning Red 3, a synthetic dye, from the nation’s food supply starting January 1, 2023. This decision comes after studies showed that this dye, also known as erythrosine, caused cancer in lab rats. Despite this discovery, the FDA assures no similar effects have been observed in humans.
While Red 3 is the latest addition to the list of dyes being scrutinized, it is part of a larger concerns over artificial food colors. Here’s a closer look at the topic:
Understanding Artificial Colors
Artificial colors, or synthetic dyes, are chemically produced ingredients used to enhance the appearance of various products, predominantly foods. These dyes are derived from petroleum, meaning they are not found in nature. Manufacturers use them to make foods more visually appealing to consumers.
Nine such dyes have been approved for use in the USA, among which Red 3 was one. Others include Blue 1, Blue 2, Green 3, Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6. Citrus Red 2 and Orange B are two colors that are permitted but used rarely.
The FDA supervises the certification and use of synthetic color additives. The FDA ordered companies to eliminate Red 3 from their food and beverage products by January 2027. Manufacturers of ingested drugs, such as cough syrups, must remove it by January 2028.
Concerns Over Artificial Dyes
Consumer advocates have long argued against the use of Red 3 and other artificial dyes. Notably, most of these colors were prohibited years ago in cosmetics. However, Red 3 was allowed in food and ingested medications.
Research has raised concerns over potential behavioral issues associated with these dyes. Some studies suggest a link between artificial colors and behavioral problems in children, including increased hyperactivity and impulsivity, especially for those with ADHD. Dr. L. Eugene Arnold, an emeritus psychiatry professor at Ohio State University, advises that while artificial colors aren’t the main cause of ADHD, they may exacerbate symptoms in some cases.
Despite potential risks, the FDA maintains that most children don’t face adverse effects from these dyes. Still, they acknowledge that some children might be sensitive to them.
A recent AP-NORC poll indicates that about two-thirds of Americans favor limiting the use of additives like artificial dyes in processed foods.
Efforts to Remove Synthetic Dyes
Momentum to eliminate synthetic dyes is growing, with more states considering implications of artificial color usage.
In 2022, California became the first state to prohibit six artificial food dyes in foods served in public schools. More than a dozen state legislatures might introduce bills to restrict synthetic dyes in food products, either in school lunches or else.
Activists have also targeted major food manufacturers. In October 2022, Kellogg Company faced protests urging it to remove artificial dyes from popular cereals like Apple Jacks and Froot Loops.
Robert F. Kennedy Jr., recently confirmed as the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, has made a commitment to promoting healthy living, which includes a focus on eliminating artificial dyes and other chemicals in the food supply. He is buoyed by support from groups known as “MAHA moms,” women who demand purity and transparency in the food industry.
“I was called a conspiracy theorist when I said that red dye caused cancer,” Kennedy stated at his confirmation hearing. “Now, the FDA has acknowledged that and banned it.”
Alternatives to Synthetic Dyes
Many companies replace Red 3 and other synthetic dyes with natural color alternatives, such as beet juice, carmine (obtained from insects), or pigments from purple sweet potato, radish, and red cabbage.
However, natural dyes come with their own set of challenges. They might not retain their color as long as synthetic dyes and can be affected by factors such as heat and acidity.
Meghan Skidmore, a Sensient spokesperson, noted that natural alternatives are available, but no single solution fits all scenarios.
How to Avoid Artificial Dyes
Artificial dyes are pervasive in the food industry. Since it’s difficult to avoid them entirely, the best approach is to read food labels conscientiously.
According to Dr. Eugene Arnold, consumers should be wary of products with long ingredient lists that include difficult-to-pronounce items. These are usually the ones containing artificial colors and other additives.
By taking a few moments to read labels before purchasing, you can make informed decisions about the food your family consumes.
Conclusion
The FDA ban on Red 3 exemplifies the ongoing dialogue about food safety and ingredient transparency. While concerns remain, stakeholders are working towards making the food supply more natural and secure.
Red 3 and other synthetic dyes serve a purpose in the food industry, but their potential risks warrant closer scrutiny. As more alternative options become available, consumers and manufacturers alike have the opportunity to embrace healthier choices.
Join the conversation about food safety and health. Share your thoughts on artificial dyes, natural color alternatives, or any other food-related concerns in the comments below. Your input could inspire others to make healthier choices and advocate for safer food practices.