Alarm bells are ringing for bat populations in southeastern Arizona as a recent test revealed the presence of a dangerous fungus. This development raises significant concerns for the conservation of these critical creatures.
A bat from the cave myotis species in Fort Huachuca, west of Sierra Vista, tested positive for Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd), a fungus responsible for white-nose syndrome (WNS). This discovery, made during a June 2024 surveillance, marks a high-level positive detection in the area.
Understanding the Threat
Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) is notorious for causing white-nose syndrome, a disease that has devastated bat populations across North America. Since 2006, WNS has led to the deaths of millions of bats in 40 U.S. states and nine Canadian provinces.
The fungus is named for the distinctive white growth it produces on the noses and wings of infected bats. Although WNS poses no direct threat to humans or pets, human activity can spread fungal spores into bat hibernation caves, amplifying the disease.
Frequent Monitoring Efforts
The Arizona Department of Game and Fish has been monitoring for Pd in the Fort Huachuca area since 2014. Previous positive detections occurred in 2017, followed by low-level spread in 2021 and 2023.
Debbie Brewer, a Game and Fish biologist in the Fort Huachuca area, expressed her concerns in a news release. “Though not unexpected, our 2024 high-level positive detection in cave myotis is highly concerning and should put other land managers in the Southwest on alert,” Brewer highlighted.
Brewer stressed the importance of habitat protections not only for cave myotis but for all bat species in the region.
Public Involvement Crucial
Angie McIntire, a specialist on Arizona bats for Game and Fish, echoed these sentiments. “This disease did not exist when I first began working with bats,” McIntire said, emphasizing the urgency of the situation. “To see new threats to our bat populations like this is disturbing.”
To combat WNS, the Arizona Department of Game and Fish encourages public involvement. Citizens are asked to report any possible sightings of infected bats by emailing [email protected]. Detailed reports, including photos, locations, and contact information, can help officials better understand and address the threat.
The department also warns against handling bats, as this can cause harm to both humans and bats.
Provincial Spread and Conservation
Since 2019, the fungus has been found in Mohave, Coconino, Yavapai, and Cochise counties, as well as at Grand Canyon National Park. Between 2021 and 2024, eight bats, including cave myotis, southwestern myotis, and big brown bats, tested positive for the fungus.
Infections within the cave myotis bat species also have been reported in neighboring states, New Mexico and Texas, indicating a potential vulnerability across the region.
Prevention Tips and Awareness
To prevent the spread of WNS, the Arizona Department of Game and Fish advises the following precautions:
- Stay out of bat caves and mines.
- Do not touch bats.
- Use proper decontamination protocols if entering bat habitats.
By following these guidelines and reporting any suspected cases, the public can play a vital role in conserving Arizona’s bat populations.
Conclusion
The recent discovery of Pseudogymnoascus destructans in southeastern Arizona underscores the pressing need for vigilance and conservation efforts. Bats, with their vital roles in ecosystems, require protection from diseases like white-nose syndrome.
Your awareness and support are crucial in safeguarding these remarkable creatures. Reporting any potential sightings and adhering to preventive measures can help protect bat populations for future generations.
If you encounter a bat with unusual behavior or have any questions, please reach out to the Arizona Department of Game and Fish at [email protected].
Stay informed and involved in the conservation of Arizona’s wildlife. Help us protect these vital ecosystems for a healthier future.
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